The experience is not supposed to be deterministic but reflexive and co-created between people and technology.

The influence of the R&D led industry is hugely significant, providing the worked through case-studies and directly influencing their supply chain, including contract manufacturers.. Over the course of the discussion, there was a radical switch in the reflections on regulations and regulators.At the outset, regulators were seen as one of the significant barriers to moving forward at speed.

There was some evidence for this as changing a drug registration can take three years and has a significant cost attached to it.However, it is unclear how many registrations do more than specify a solvent and list suppliers.If so, a change in source hypothetically is a small change.

A biogenic source, meeting the specification, would require little or no change..If only life was so simple.

Current concerns about low level impurities exacerbated by issues like the discovery of nitrosamine impurities in medicines.

2. , have led to a higher sensitivity to change and the risk of unknown threats.A permanent building may have different drivers, but lessons can still be learned from highly efficient on-site works such as the circus tent.. One aim of a fully considered DfMA strategy is to enable smooth running of the construction site.

To create a well-orchestrated assembly line with productive workers carrying out pre-determined, standardised and well-understood tasks in predictable timeframes..In short, we want construction sites to be more like factories.. Off-site and modular construction: are factories really all that great?.

Prefabrication in factories (off-site construction) is often thought of as a panacea, a sure-fire way for construction sites to achieve greater productivity.However, factories can also be run inefficiently, and if traditional construction methods are simply shifted into a factory setting, the benefits of MMC can be diluted or lost..